I. ¸Ó¸®¸»
Àç°ü·ù ¿ä¹ý, ƯÈ÷ 1Â÷ °æÇÇÀû°ü»óµ¿¸ÆÁßÀç¼ú(primary percutaneous coronary intervention)ÀÇ µµÀÔ ÀÌÈÄ ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚÀÇ »ç¸Á·üÀÌ Å©°Ô °¨¼ÒÇÏ°í Ä¡·á ¼ºÀûÀÌ È£ÀüµÆ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÁ÷µµ 1³â »ç¸Á·üÀÌ 10%¿¡ ±ÙÁ¢ÇØ ÀÖ°í, »ýÁ¸ ȯÀÚÀÇ »ó´ç¼ö¿¡¼ ½ÉºÎÀüÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ÀÌÈÄÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä ½ÉÀå »ç°ÇÀÇ ¹ß»ýÀº ½Ã°£ÀÌ Áö³ªµµ ±× À§ÇèÀÌ °¨¼ÒµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸°íµÇ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
µû¶ó¼ ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ Àû±ØÀûÀÎ Àç°ü·ù ¿ä¹ý ÀÌÈÄ ÃÖÀûÀÇ ¾à¹°¿ä¹ýÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ÈÄ ¾à¹°Ä¡·á¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÑ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ RAS(renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system) ¾ïÁ¦Á¦Àε¥, ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦(angiotensin-receptor blocker, ARB)¿Í ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦(angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, ACEI)ÀÇ ÀûÀÀÁõ°ú ¼±Åÿ¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ³í¶õÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Ù.
II. º»¹®
STºÐÀý »ó½Â ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹Ì±¹½ÉÀåÇÐȸ·½ÉÀåÇùȸ(American College of Cardiology·American Heart Association, ACC·AHA) guideline¿¡¼´Â Àüº® ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ, ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·üÀÌ 40% ÀÌÇÏÀÎ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ±Ý±âÁõÀÌ ¾ø´Â ÇÑ Ã¹ 24½Ã°£ À̳» ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ Åõ¿©Çϵµ·Ï class IÀ¸·Î ±Ç°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.1 ÀÌ·± ȯÀÚµé Áß ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ºÒ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â(intolerant) °æ¿ì¿¡ ÇÑÇØ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¸¦ ±Ç°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Class I ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ ¾ø´Â ȯÀÚµéÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ, ±Ý±âÁõ¸¸ ¾ø´Ù¸é ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ Åõ¿©ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÀûÀýÇÏ´Ù°í class IIa·Î ±Ç°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. STºÐÀý »ó½Â ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ À¯·´½ÉÀåÇÐȸ(European Society of Cardiology, ESC) guidelineÀÇ ³»¿ëµµ ÀüüÀûÀ¸·Î ACC·AHA guideline°ú À¯»çÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾à°£ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ Àִµ¥, class I ÀûÀÀÁõÀ¸·Î Àüº® ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ, ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·üÀÌ 40% ÀÌÇÏ ¿Ü¿¡ ´ç´¢º´À» Æ÷ÇÔ½ÃÄÑ ³õ¾Ò´Ù.2 ¶ÇÇÑ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ºÒ³»¼ºÀÌ Àִ ȯÀÚµéÀº ¹°·ÐÀÌ°í ¾ø´Â ȯÀڵ鿡¼µµ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦, ƯÈ÷ valsartanÀÌ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ ´ëüÇØ »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ±Ç°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù(class I with level of evidence B). ACC·AHA guideline°ú ¸¶Âù°¡Áö·Î, class I ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ ¾ø´Ù ÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ±Ý±âÁõÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¸ðµç ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦ÀÇ »ç¿ëÀÌ °í·ÁµÅ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù°í ±Ç°íÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.
µÎ guidelineÀÌ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ °Íó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸, ³í¶õÀÌ ³²¾Æ ÀÖ´Â »çÇ×µéÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ù° ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·ü ÀúÇÏ°¡ Àִ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ¹Ýµå½Ã ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ ¸ÕÀú °í·ÁÇÏ°í ºÒ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Å¸´çÇÑÁö, ¾Æ´Ï¸é óÀ½ºÎÅÍ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â Àü·«ÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑÁö ÇÏ´Â ¹®Á¦´Ù. ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦°¡ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦ »ç¿ë ÀÌÈÄ¿¡ °³¹ßµÆ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀÚ·á°¡ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ºÎÁ·ÇÏ°í ¶Ç ÀϺΠ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ºñÇØ ¼ºÀûÀÌ ³ª»¦´Ù°í º¸°íµÆ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ ¸ÕÀú °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù´Â ÁÖÀåÀÌ Á¦±âµÈ´Ù.3
ÇÏÁö¸¸, ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·ü ÀúÇÏ°¡ ÀÖ´Â 1¸¸ 5000¸í¿¡ °¡±î¿î ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î valsartan°ú captoprilÀ» ºñ±³Çß´ø VALIANT ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â valsartanÀÌ captopril°ú À¯»çÇÑ È¿°ú¸¦ º¸¿´´Ù.4 ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ Ãʱâ ÀÔ¿ø ±â°£ µ¿¾È¿¡´Â ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Ù ±âħ µî ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ³ª´Â °æ¿ì¿¡¸¸ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦·Î º¯°æÇÏ´Â Àü·«À» »ý°¢ÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦·Î ÀÎÇÑ ±âħÀÇ ¹ßÇö½Ã±â°¡ Åõ¾à °³½Ã ÈÄ 1ÀÏ¿¡¼ ¸î °³¿ù±îÁö ¸Å¿ì ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù. ¾àÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÑ ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇϸé ÀÇ»ç-ȯÀÚ °ü°è¿¡ ¼Õ»óÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í ´Ù¸¥ ÇʼöÀûÀÎ ¾à¹°±îÁöµµ ¼øÀÀµµ°¡ ¶³¾îÁú ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ´Ü¼øÇÑ ¹®Á¦´Â ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í »ý°¢µÈ´Ù.
µÎ¹ø° ¹®Á¦´Â RAS¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ class I ÀûÀÀÁõÀÌ ¾ø´Â ȯÀڵ鿡¼ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦ »ç¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ç°í¸¸ ÀÖ°í, ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¾ð±ÞÀº ¾ø´Ù´Â Á¡ÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ³»¼ºÀ¸·Î ¾àÁ¦¸¦ ÁßÁöÇßÀ» ¶§, ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¸¦ ´ë½Å »ç¿ëÇÒÁö ´ëÇØ ¸íÈ®ÇÑ ÁöħÀÌ ¾ø´Ù. ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ³»¼ºÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ÀϺΠ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â Àý¹Ý±îÁö º¸°íµÉ Á¤µµ·Î ³ôÀº ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ½ÇÁ¦ ÀÓ»ó¿¡¼ °í¹ÎÀÌ ¸¹ÀÌ µÇ´Â ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù.
¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ÀÌ·± ȯÀÚµéÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ´ë±Ô¸ð ¹«ÀÛÀ§ ¿¬±¸´Â ÁøÇàµÈ ¹Ù´Â ¾ø´Ù. Çѱ¹ÀÎ ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ µî·Ï»ç¾÷(KAMIR) ÀڷḦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °üÂû ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â, ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·üÀÌ 40% ÀÌ»óÀÎ 6698¸íÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦°¡ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í À¯»çÇÑ º¸È£ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ¾úÀ¸¸ç, µÎ ¾àÁ¦ ¸ðµÎ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ȯÀڵ鿡 ºñÇؼ´Â »ç¸Á ȤÀº ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõÀÇ Àç¹ßÀ» À¯ÀÇÇÏ°Ô ³·Ãß´Â È¿°ú¸¦ º¸¿©Áá´Ù(±×¸²).5 ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·ü ÀúÇÏ°¡ ¾ø´Â ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦ »ç¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ±Ù°Å¸¦ ¸¶·ÃÇØ ÁØ ÀǹÌÀÖ´Â ¿¬±¸Áö¸¸, ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö´Â È®ÁõÀûÀÎ °á·ÐÀ» ³»¸®±â ¾î·Æ´Ù.
¸¶Áö¸·À¸·Î, ºñSTºÐÀý »ó½Â(non-ST-segment elevation) ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â STºÐÀý »ó½Â ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ¿¡ ºñÇØ ÀÚ·á°¡ Á¦ÇÑÀûÀÌ¾î¼ ACC·AHA guideline°ú European Society of Cardiology guideline »çÀÌ¿¡ Â÷ÀÌ°¡ ÀÖ°í, ƯÈ÷ ½ÉºÎÀüÀ̳ª ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·ü ÀúÇÏ°¡ ¾ø´Â ȯÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦»Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇؼµµ ±â¼úÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÑ ÇüÆíÀÌ´Ù.
¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¶§ ¾àÁ¦ÀÇ Á¾·ù¿Í ¿ë·®µµ Áß¿äÇѵ¥, ¿ª½Ã ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö ÀÚ·á°¡ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ´Ù. Çѱ¹ÀÎ ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ µî·Ï»ç¾÷(KAMIR) ÀڷḦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ °üÂû ¿¬±¸¿¡¼´Â, ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëü¿¡ º¸´Ù ´Ü´ÜÇÏ°í ¿À·¡ °áÇÕÇÏ´Â insurmountable(non-competitive) Á¾·ùÀÇ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦°¡ surmountable(competitive) Á¾·ùÀÇ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦¿¡ ºñÇØ ´õ È¿°ú°¡ ¿ì¼öÇß´Ù°í º¸°íµÆ´Ù.6 ÁÂ½É½Ç ¹ÚÃâ·üÀÌ 50% ÀÌÇÏÀÎ STºÐÀý »ó½Â ½É±Ù°æ»ö ȯÀÚ 495¸íÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼ ÁøÇàµÆ´ø ´Ù±â°ü ¹«ÀÛÀ§ ¿¬±¸ÀÎ VALID ¿¬±¸¿¡¼, ÇÏ·ç valsartan 320mg ȤÀº maximal tolerated dose¸¦ Åõ¿©Çصµ 80mg¿¡ ºñÇØ ¼ºÀûÀ» °³¼±½ÃÅ°Áö´Â ¸øÇß°í ºÎÀÛ¿ëÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃÅ°´Â °á°ú¸¦ º¸¿© Áá´Ù.7
III. ¸ÎÀ½¸»
¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÒ³»¼ºÀÇ ºñÀ²ÀÌ ³ôÀº ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼´Â ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦¿Í ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦ÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀº ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇÏÁö¸¸ ¾î·Á¿î °áÁ¤ÀÌ´Ù. ¾ÆÁ÷±îÁö´Â ±Þ¼º ½É±Ù°æ»öÁõ ȯÀÚ¿¡¼ ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅÙ½ÅÀüȯȿ¼Ò¾ïÁ¦Á¦°¡ ¿ì¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î °í·ÁµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¿øÄ¢ÀûÀ̶ó°í »ý°¢µÇÁö¸¸, ȯÀÚ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¿© ¾ÈÁö¿ÀÅٽżö¿ëüÂ÷´ÜÁ¦ÀÇ »ç¿ëµµ ½ÃµµÇØ º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ´ë¾ÈÀ̶ó°í ÆǴܵȴÙ.
References
1. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013;127:e362-425.
2. The Task Force for the management of acute myocardial infarction in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2018;39:119-177.
3. Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL randomised trial. Optimal Trial in Myocardial Infarction with Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan. Lancet 2002;360:752-760.
4. Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial I. Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both. N Engl J Med 2003;349:1893-1906.
5. Angiotensin receptor blocker in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular systolic function: prospective cohort study. BMJ 2014;349:g6650.
6. Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry I. Comparative assessment of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: surmountable vs. insurmountable antagonist. Int J Cardiol 2014;170:291-297.
7. V. The impact of a dose of the angiotensin receptor blocker valsartan on post-myocardial infarction ventricular remodelling. ESC Heart Fail 2018;5:354-363.
THE MOST webmaster@mostonline.co.kr
<ÀúÀÛ±ÇÀÚ © THE MOST, ¹«´Ü ÀüÀç ¹× Àç¹èÆ÷ ±ÝÁö>